By Eshana Saha
Published Dec 09, 2024

Hindustan Times
Lifestyle

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The immortal jellyfish: Nature’s secret to eternal life

Turritopsis dohrnii, also known as the immortal jellyfish, is a species of small, biologically immortal jellyfish found worldwide in temperate to tropic waters. 

It is one of the few known cases of animals capable of reverting completely to a sexually immature, colonial stage after having reached sexual maturity as a solitary individual.

When sexually mature, they have been known to prey on other jellyfish species at a rapid pace. 

 If the T. dohrnii jellyfish is exposed to environmental stress, physical assault, or is sick or old, it can revert to the polyp stage, forming a new polyp colony.

It does this through the cell development process of transdifferentiation, which alters the differentiated state of the cells and transforms them into new types of cells. 

Theoretically, this process can go on indefinitely, effectively rendering the jellyfish biologically immortal, although in practice individuals can still die.

The capability of biological immortality with no maximum lifespan makes T. dohrnii an important target of basic biological aging and pharmaceutical research.