Sleeping excessively or insufficiently can make you sick: Study

A good night's sleep can fix a variety of issues, but new research suggests that getting enough shut-eye may also reduce your susceptibility to infection.

A good night's sleep can solve all sorts of problems - but scientists have now discovered new evidence that sleeping well may make you less vulnerable to infection. Scientists at the University of Bergen recruited medical students working in doctors' surgeries to hand out short questionnaires to patients, asking about sleep quality and recent infections. They found that patients who reported sleeping too little or too much were more likely also to report a recent infection, and patients who experienced chronic sleep problems were more likely to report needing antibiotics.

Sleeping excessively or insufficiently can make you sick: Study (Unsplash)

"Most previous observational studies have looked at the association between sleep and infection in a sample of the general population," said Dr Ingeborg Forthun, corresponding author of the study published in Frontiers in Psychiatry. "We wanted to assess this association among patients in primary care, where we know that the prevalence of sleep problems is much higher than in the population at large."

Evidence already exists that sleep problems raise the risk of infection: in a previous study, people deliberately infected with rhinovirus were less likely to catch a cold if they reported healthy sleep. Sleep disturbances are common and treatable, and if a link to infection and a mechanism can be confirmed, it might make it possible to cut down on antibiotic use and protect people against infections before they happen. But experimental studies can't reproduce real-life circumstances.

The scientists found that patients who reported sleeping less than six hours a night were 27 per cent more likely to report an infection, while patients sleeping more than nine hours were 44 per cent more likely to report one. Less than six hours sleep, or chronic insomnia, also raised the risk that you would need an antibiotic to overcome an infection.

"The higher risk of reporting an infection among patients who reported short or long sleep duration is not that surprising as we know that having an infection can cause both poor sleep and sleepiness," said Forthun. "But the higher risk of an infection among those with a chronic insomnia disorder indicate that the direction of this relationship also goes in the other direction; poor sleep can make your more susceptible to an infection."

Although there was some potential for bias in the sense that people's recall of sleep or recent health issues is not necessarily perfect, and no clinical information was collected from the doctors who subsequently saw the patients, the study design allowed for the collection of data from a large study group experiencing real-world conditions.

"We don't know why the patients visited their GPs, and it could be that an underlying health problem affects both the risk of poor sleep and risk of infection, but we don't think this can fully explain our results," said Forthun.

She continued: "Insomnia is very common among patients in primary care but found to be under-recognized by general practitioners. Increased awareness of the importance of sleep, not only for general well-being, but for patients' health, is needed both among patients and general practitioners."

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This story has been published from a wire agency feed without modifications to the text. Only the headline has been changed.