Fighting cancer: Hybrid sperms can be used to target cervical cancer cells

Creating an effective way to target cancer cells with drugs is challenging on multiple fronts. For example, the drugs do not always travel deeply enough through tissues.

Scientists have developed hybrid sperms that can deliver a cancer drug directly to a cervical tumours, an approach that could help treat the deadly disease with minimum side effects. Creating an effective way to target cancer cells with drugs is challenging on multiple fronts. For example, the drugs do not always travel deeply enough through tissues, and they can get diluted in body fluids or sidetracked and taken up by healthy organs. To get around these issues, scientists have turned in some cases to loading pharmaceuticals into bacteria, which can effectively contain drug compounds and propel themselves.

The microbes can also be guided by a magnetic field or other mechanism to reach a specific target. However, the body’s immune system can attack the microbes and destroy them before they reach their target. Looking for another self-propelled cell as an alternative drug carrier to bacteria, researchers at the Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research-Dresden (IFW Dresden) in Germany turned to sperm.

The researchers packaged a common cancer drug, doxorubicin, into bovine sperm cells and outfitted them with tiny magnetic harnesses. Using a magnetic field, a sperm-hybrid motor was guided to a lab-grown tumour of cervical cancer cells. When the harness arms pressed against the tumour, the arms opened up, releasing the sperm. The sperm then swam into the tumour, fused its membrane with that of a cancer cell, and released the drug.

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