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Incompatible models, infra shortage: Why IMD struggles with the weather

A working paper shows that relatively poorer countries such as India do better than richer countries in at least the seasonal forecasts of temperature.

Updated on: Nov 29, 2025, 08:13:17 IST
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That the India Meteorological Department (IMD) is far from reliable in predicting rain is well-known. Why this inaccuracy exists is something more perplexing. A recent paper by two environmental economists suggests that there are both non-material and material factors behind IMD’s weather struggles: existing weather models find it hard to simulate tropical weather and the lack of comparable infrastructure with richer countries adds to this disadvantage.

PREMIUMA working paper on weather forecast shows poorer countries are worse off than their richer peers in short-term predictions of temperature and rain. (RAJ K RAJ /HT PHOTO)
A working paper on weather forecast shows poorer countries are worse off than their richer peers in short-term predictions of temperature and rain. (RAJ K RAJ /HT PHOTO)

A newer version of the working paper called “Global inequalities in weather forecasts” by

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ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Abhishek Jha

Abhishek Jha is Assistant Editor-Data at Hindustan Times. He uses statistical programming to generate newsworthy insights from large datasets. He is part of the team that produces Number Theory, a daily data story feature of the paper’s print edition. Since March 2024, he has been writing Weather Bee, a weekly column for the Hindustan Times website. He is a chemical engineer by training, who specialises in stories related to weather, climate, and the environment. Jha has been at HT since 2018, where he offers data-driven perspective and analysis on politics, environment, weather, climate, economy and society. His work includes data coverage of elections in India and abroad, including the 2019 and 2024 Lok Sabha elections; the disasters and extreme weather resulting from changing climate, such as floods, droughts, heat waves, cold waves, and dwindling snow cap in the Himalayas; the factors that drive poor air quality in northern India; the changing patterns of land use; the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on labour market conditions; the changing pattern of consumer spending seen in the new consumer spending surveys; and social norms seen in the surveys such as the National Family Health Survey.

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