Prime Minister Manmohan Singh arrived in Afghanistan on Thursday for a two-day visit, including talks on the regional impact of Osama bin Laden's death and future aid projects, officials said.
Singh, on his first visit to Kabul in six years, was due to meet President Hamid Karzai as calls grow for a quicker withdrawal of US troops from Afghanistan following the killing of the al Qaeda chief.
Any rapid reduction of US presence in Afghanistan would cause India concern, as it fears the country could become dominated by a Taliban-influenced government friendly towards its arch-rival Pakistan.
Singh said that he and Karzai would "exchange views on developments in the region and our common fight against the scourge of terrorism".
"The quest of the Afghan people for peace, stability and reconciliation needs the full support of all countries in the region and the international community," he said in a statement before leaving New Delhi.