Red Fort blast, a year on: Doctor who wanted Sharia rule, and a plot born after a failed Afghanistan move
According to investigators, Nabi and his accomplices felt Islamabad was pursuing a political agenda in Jammu and Kashmir, and their path was different.
As India marks a year since the suicide bombing near Delhi's Red Fort, investigators have pieced together how a Kashmiri doctor and his accomplices planned the deadly attack after failing to leave for Afghanistan to support pan-Islamic causes.

Investigators believe that the prime accused, Dr Umar un Nabi, who drove an explosive-laden vehicle that blew up in the crowded Red Fort-Chandni Chowk area on November 10 last year, and his associates wanted to move to Sharia-governed Afghanistan, driven by a sense of Muslim victimhood.
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Failed attempt to reach Afghanistan preceded Red Fort attack
Officials privy to the probe also believe that Nabi, an assistant professor at Haryana's Al Falah University, and fellow doctors Muzamil Shakeel and Adeel Ahmad Rather, all self-radicalised, had links to al-Qaeda in the Indian Subcontinent (AQIS). They do not believe the group was in touch with Pakistan-based terror groups.
According to investigators, Nabi and his accomplices felt Islamabad was pursuing a political agenda in Jammu and Kashmir, and their path was different. Their aim was to overthrow the government in New Delhi and impose Sharia law in India.
According to the officials, the decision to carry out the suicide bombing under an operation code-named "Heavenly Hind" was taken in Srinagar in 2022, after the group's attempts to reach Afghanistan via Turkey failed.
In a charge sheet filed on May 14 this year, the National Investigation Agency (NIA) named nine people, including Nabi, as accused in the blast, which killed 12 people.
Inspired by the ideology of Kashmir-based Ansar Ghazwat-ul-Hind, an offshoot of AQIS, Nabi turned his vehicle into an explosive device using highly unstable triacetone triperoxide (TATP), and blew himself up at a traffic signal.
With several possible targets nearby, including a police post, the Gauri Shankar Mandir and a Jain temple, investigators still cannot say whether the explosion in the congested area was planned or accidental.
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Probe raises concerns over self-radicalised terror modules in India
Because the car was destroyed, investigators recovered no forensic evidence of how the device was built, including the type of timer used.
While officials believe Nabi's module was self-radicalised, its members are suspected to have been in touch with one person in Afghanistan through an al-Qaeda channel.
That a motley group of nine accused could aspire to overthrow the government in Delhi and impose Sharia law has set off alarm bells in security circles, as similar self-radicalised modules could exist in other parts of India.
ABOUT THE AUTHORShishir GuptaShishir Gupta is Executive Editor at Hindustan Times and one of India's top journalists covering national security, strategic affairs, foreign policy and geopolitics. Over the past three decades, he has extensively reported on India's military, diplomatic and security landscape, covering every major conflict and national security challenge, from the 1999 Kargil War and the 2020 East Ladakh standoff to Operation Sindoor in 2025. He has also covered major terror attacks, including the IC-814 hijacking, the 26/11 Mumbai attacks and the 2025 Pahalgam terror strike, along with numerous Pakistan-backed terrorist incidents in the Kashmir Valley and across India. He has reported on national and state elections for more than three decades. A recognised authority on strategic affairs, Gupta has covered India's nuclear programme since the Pokhran-II (Shakti series) tests in May 1998 and has written extensively on global nuclear issues, Indian diplomacy and the country's expanding global outreach. He has also reported widely on international conflicts and terrorism, with a special focus on the Indian subcontinent. Gupta has interviewed Prime Minister Narendra Modi more than four times, including Modi's first interview with the print media after becoming Prime Minister in May 2014. His other interviews include three with the Dalai Lama, as well as conversations with Benjamin Netanyahu, Amit Shah, Yogi Adityanath, S. Jaishankar, Nirmala Sitharaman and Piyush Goyal. He is the author of Indian Mujahideen: The Enemy Within (Hachette, 2011) and Himalayan Face-off: Chinese Assertion and Indian Riposte (Hachette, 2014). He was awarded the Chevening-Wolfson Joint Scholarship at Wolfson College, University of Cambridge, UK, in 1998 and participated in the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) of the US State Department in 2006. He received the Ben Gurion Prize from Israel in 2011 and the K. Subrahmanyam Prize for Strategic Studies in 2015 from the Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses (MP-IDSA). Since 2024, he has hosted Point Blank, Hindustan Times' weekly YouTube show on global geopolitics.Read More

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