Cellular fractions

Meningococcal vaccine is produced from the polysaccharide antigen on the cell wall.

Some vaccines are prepared from fractions of the cell. The meningococcal vaccine is produced from the polysaccharide antigen on the cell wall. These vaccines are safe and effective but for a limited duration.

Combination Vaccines

This is a mix of two or more types of vaccines. This enables easier administration, reduces cost and avoids repeated contact with the patient.

DPT (Diphtheria, Pertussis and Tetanus) vaccine is given in a single shot. Some vaccines combine two strains of the same species. Polio and influenza vaccines are prepared this way.

Immunoglobulins

Immunoglobulins are specific protein substances that are produced by certain cells in the body to help in fighting infection. They are also referred to as antibodies and are a vital part of the body's defence mechanism.

Immunoglobulins are of five different types - Immunoglobulin G, A, M, D and E. These are classified based upon the speed with which they are formed in response to the infection, as well as their mechanism and site of action.

The invading organisms or vaccines promote the production of immunoglobulins (antibodies) against that particular disease-causing organism which is then destroyed.

The body also retains in its memory the template of the disease-causing organism so that the next time it attacks, the antibodies are quick to counter any threat to the body and the person does not develop the disease.

(Source: Webhealthcentre.com)

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